Docs Warm Up to EHRs, Patients Want Paper

There's a bit of a gap between patients and doctors when it comes to electronic health records (EHRs). A new survey indicates that, by a slight margin, the majority of doctors think EHRs are safer than paper records. But more than half of all patients prefer paper. A closer look at the data can help explain the difference of opinion.

The recent omnibus survey by EHR vendor Practice Fusion was conducted by GfK Roper OmniTel. More than 1,000 patients were phone surveyed between Oct. 21 and 23, as were 1,220 medical professionals who were polled online with the same questions on Oct. 28.

Of the physicians surveyed, 54% said they thought EHRs were safer. Only 18% selected paper as the more secure option. The remainder didn't answer or didn't know.

As for the patients surveyed, 47% said paper records are safer, with 39% saying digital records are more secure. The rest were unsure.

[Critics charge that Meaningful Use incentives only reward longtime users of health IT rather than encourage new EHR adoption. Are EHR Incentives A Waste Of Money?]

It's interesting to note that while a majority of doctors think digital records are more secure--and a majority of patients think paper is better--neither side provided a landslide victory for either paper or EHRs. In fact, both sides seem fairly mixed in their support of both.

With enough education and enlightenment about the benefits of EHRs, or too many high-profile cases of security and privacy breaches of digitized medical information, either side could probably be swayed more strongly in favor of EHRs or paper.

I think the sampling of patients provide some valuable insights into how the public thinks. Unlike doctors, who have been bombarded over the last two years with information from the government, trade associations, and others about the benefits of EHRs--not to mention the billions of dollars in HITECH Act financial incentives to "meaningfully use" health IT--consumers haven't been the focus of a heavy pro-EHR public relations blitz.

So, I think consumers are likely more "pure" in their responses. The answers from patients seem to reflect: 1) they're probably not all that aware of the push for U.S. healthcare providers to give up paper; 2) they haven't given too much thought about why digital records could be better than paper; and 3) they're probably a bit spooked about the possibility of having their own digital medical records hacked, lost, or snooped.

Of the patients surveyed, those between ages 25 and 34 were most inclined to think EHRs are secure. That was the only age group of patients for which a majority--51.4%--said EHRs are safe.

Interestingly, on the age spectrum, younger patients, ages 18 to 24, as well as older patient groups, those ages 50 and older, were the folks that were most inclined to say paper records are safer. It was people in the midrange--ages 25 to 49--who had the strongest support for EHRs.

The survey also drilled down a bit on patients' other perceptions about EHRs versus paper.

Of those patients who think paper records are safer than EHRs, 72.2% agree or somewhat agree that paper records are less distracting to doctors than EHRs.

Of that same group of patients favoring paper, 87.2% said they think paper is more private and allows more control over who sees the records. Also of that same group, 86% said they think paper is more secure because it's less likely to be hacked or lost. Finally, nearly 65% of those paper-loving patients just prefer the tradition of paper over digital records and see no reason to change systems.

When the survey dug deeper into the group of patients who thought EHRs are safer than paper, 91% said digital records are more portable between doctors; 95% think EHRs are more accessible when you need your records; and 93% thought EHRs are more accurate than paper records. Of that EHR-favoring group, 76% also thought digital records are better protected from theft or loss than paper.

The survey suggests that most consumers aren't that familiar with or interested yet in EHRs or the benefits they can provide versus paper. That could be because most patients get their care from any of the tens of thousands of doctors in the United States still using paper charts.

Even when consumers have access to and manage their own health records electronically, many are either unaware or not motivated enough to use that capability. Evidence? Look what happened to Google Health. The personal health record platform of perhaps the best-known name on the Internet is being shut down by the end of the year, in large part because it wasn't popular among consumers.

But I don't think the demise of Google Health means patients are uninterested in using personal health records (PHRs). With its fall, "we can definitively say that patients are uninterested in creating, populating, and maintaining their own PHR. But PHRs can be successful when they are created, populated, and maintained by doctors and medical professionals," said Matthew Douglass, Practice Fusion VP of engineering in an email interview with InformationWeek Healthcare.

Some think that it's not that consumers aren't interested in PHRs, but rather it's still too hard to set them up and use them until more doctors make the switch to EHRs.

"The wave of the future in the PHR space will be at the intersection of medical professional-entered data and patient participation, but the seed of data must begin with electronic medical records for this to be successful, " said Douglass. As for the public perception that EHRs are more vulnerable than paper to loss and mishandling, that's a myth that also needs to be shattered, said Douglass.

"The irony of general population concern about HIPAA breaches is that many of these breaches are not even electronic in nature," he said. "Paper records get accessed fairly regularly without proper authorization, with no audit trail in place to track who saw which patients' information," he said.

"There's not much preventing someone from walking into a doctor's office and walking away with an entire stack of patients' charts."

Fears about digitized health records aside, I think the patients' feelings about paper medical records seem to reflect two larger themes, one about U.S. culture and the other about human nature: Americans like tradition and people don't like change.

Marianne Kolbasuk McGee is a senior writer for InformationWeek.