Zoë Brammer is the Cyber and Information Operations Associate at the Institute for Security and Technology. She is the lead researcher for IST’s Ransomware Task Force, and manages projects and research development on open source artificial intelligence and open source software security. Her portfolio focuses on a range of topics where cybersecurity practices and the cyber threat landscape intersect with government and economic policy, including research on digital systems and democracy, the future of digital security, ransomware, cryptocurrency, open source software security, and artificial intelligence.